Friday, March 20, 2015

It all adds up

Here are 10 really interesting facts from the History and Bases of Psychology , the article was written by an individual that teaches at  University of Texas for the students as an online resource.     

What makes up Psychology ?

  1. Psychology is known to be "the study of the mind and how it processes leads and direct our perceptions, thoughts, and actions. It is also considered to be the youngest form of scientific study. The first psychology laboratory was opened by  Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig in Germany in 1879".
  2. Because of the changing world, psychology pairs up with other studies like natural sciences (Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and Math), Social sciences ( Sociology, economy, political science, etc.), and  Humanities (philosophy, art, music, etc). One specific example is that sometimes Psychologists might pair up with an economist to understand how people estimate the risks and potential benefits of various investments or business enterprises and allocate their resources.
  3. Unlike the older psychological theories, today's modern psychology focuses its researches on  areas that emphasize particular aspects of handling and controlling behavior and psychological traits of each individual mind. "There are several parts to psychology, it includes: developmental, social, experimental, psychological, cognitive, personality, and psychometric".  
  4. Developmental psychology is basically the study that looks at childhood traumas or events that affect an individuals actions in the present.
  5. Social psychology deals with an individual's interpersonal behavior. For example social psychologists would study the difference in a person when in a group and when they are by themselves. Some was psychologists study their subjects is by giving them questionnaires, memorizing things, or even by simply asking them questions
  6. In 1860 the first significant book about psychology was released by Gustav Fechner, “ Elements of Psychophysics”. It was this book that described the methods and techniques which the first psychologists used for their first experiments which were rooted in psychophysics.
  7.  Earlier, Sigmund Freud was a clinical neurologist by training and he ended up treating people with  nervous and emotional disorders, because of his medical and scientific background  he was strongly influenced by the work of "Darwin, the psychophysical work of Fechner and the use of hypnosis by individuals such as Franz Mesmer and Jean Martin Charcot who treated mental illness with hypnosis and described it in medical terms".
  8. John Watson was trained as an animal behaviorist and through his dissatisfaction with structuralism and the influence of functionalism and the analysis of behavior.Watson proposed that psychology should rely only on the study of objectively observable behavior, and not the mind, both the conscious and unconscious.  He termed this school of thought behaviorism, in which behavior is described in terms of physiological responses to stimuli.
  9. Psychology cannot be considered in one aspects because many things factor into the final conclusion about a person. Let it include genetics, past experiences, and even the people around an individual can determine that person's actions.
  10.  The Evolutionary perspective views human mental and psychological traits as the result of natural selection during the course of human evolution.  Such mental and behavioral traits that enhanced reproductive success and survival would have been selected for in the distant past and passed on to offspring.  Therefore, the evolutionary perspective argues that modern humans carry these traits, even if they may not confer any advantages today.  


Future Research Question:  At what age do children start thinking for themselves? When are they able to differentiate between good and bad?

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